What is meant by the term 'namespace' in programming and how is it used to organize code?

In programming, the term "namespace" is used for logically grouping identifiers such as class names, functions, and variables to avoid name conflicts in large projects. This is especially important when different parts of code or libraries might use the same names.

For example, in C++ or C# languages, a namespace allows defining a scope:

namespace MyApp.Utilities {
    public class Logger {
        public static void Log(string message) {
            Console.WriteLine(message);
        }
    }
}

// Usage
MyApp.Utilities.Logger.Log("Hello");

In JavaScript, modules and objects often serve as namespaces to prevent polluting the global scope.

Thus, a namespace helps organize code, improve readability, and prevent name collisions.