Can you list different modes of journaling file systems in Linux?

In Linux, there are different modes of journaling file systems that determine how and what exactly is written to the journal to ensure data integrity after failures:

1. writeback — only metadata is journaled, data is written without strict order. Faster, but data loss is possible in case of failure.
2. ordered — data is written to disk before metadata, preventing the appearance of "dirty" metadata. This is the default mode for ext3/ext4.
3. journal — both data and metadata are journaled. The most reliable but also the slowest mode.

Example command to check the ext4 mode:

sudo tune2fs -l /dev/sdXN | grep 'Journal mode'

Where /dev/sdXN is the partition with the filesystem.

The choice of mode depends on performance and reliability requirements.