What methods can be used to monitor and check the status of Linux server resources?

The following methods are used for monitoring and checking the status of Linux server resources:

• Command-line utilities:

  • top, htop — view CPU load, memory, processes.
  • free — memory information.
  • df — disk space usage.
  • iostat — disk statistics.
  • vmstat — overall system statistics.
  • netstat or ss — network connection status.

• System logs: viewing through journalctl or files in /var/log/ to identify errors and warnings.

• Monitoring systems:

  • Prometheus + Grafana — collection and visualization of metrics.
  • Zabbix, Nagios — comprehensive monitoring with alerts.

• Automated scripts: periodic checks of service status, resources, and sending notifications.

• Using system daemons: systemd provides commands like systemctl status to check service status.

Example of checking CPU load and memory:

top -b -n1 | head -15
free -h

Thus, monitoring is a combination of tools for collecting, analyzing, and alerting about the system's state.