How is the interaction between external systems and microservices deployed in Kubernetes carried out?

Interaction of external systems with microservices in Kubernetes is usually done through Service objects, which provide stable access to pods. For external access, LoadBalancer or NodePort services are used, as well as Ingress controllers that manage HTTP/HTTPS traffic routing.

Interaction scheme example:

• External system sends a request to the LoadBalancer IP or Ingress address.
• Ingress controller routes the request to the appropriate service inside the cluster.
• Service forwards the request to one of the microservice's pods.

Ingress allows configuring routing rules, SSL termination, and load balancing, which is convenient for managing external access to microservices.