How can merge conflicts be resolved in a version control system?

To resolve a merge conflict in a version control system (e.g., Git), follow these steps:

1. Open the file with the conflict — it will contain conflict markers <<<<<<<, =======, >>>>>>>.
2. Analyze both versions of the code and decide which part to keep, possibly merging changes manually.
3. Remove the conflict markers from the file after resolving the conflict.
4. Add the fixed file to the index (git add <file>).
5. Continue the merge (git commit or git merge --continue).

It is important to carefully check the logic after resolving conflicts to avoid losing necessary changes.