Explain what is meant by 'Firewall' and its role in network security.

Firewall (network firewall) is a security system that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predefined rules. Its main purpose is to prevent unauthorized access to the network or computer and to protect against various types of attacks.

Role of firewall in information security:

• Blocks unwanted connections and packets.
• Allows creating access rules based on IP addresses, ports, and protocols.
• Protects the internal network from external threats.
• Can log and monitor network activity.

Example: if a company has a configured firewall, it can block access to certain websites or prevent connection attempts from suspicious IP addresses.