How to execute a file in the Linux operating system?

In Linux, to execute a binary file:

1. Ensure the file has execute permissions. You can check and set this with the command:

chmod +x ./filename

2. Run the file by specifying its path. If the file is in the current directory:

./filename

If the file is in a directory listed in the PATH environment variable, you can run it by just its name.

Thus, executing a file involves setting the permissions and calling it with its path.