Design an IT landscape: how to build an application, package it, and publish artifacts?

To organize the process of building, packaging, and publishing artifacts in the IT landscape, a CI/CD pipeline is usually built, which includes several key stages:

1. Build — the source code is compiled and assembled into an executable file or library. Build tools such as Maven/Gradle for Java, Make/CMake for C++, or go build for Go are used.

2. Testing — automatic execution of unit, integration, and other tests to ensure the correctness of the build.

3. Packaging — the assembled artifact is packaged into a convenient format for distribution: jar, war, docker image, deb/rpm package, etc.

4. Publishing — the artifact is uploaded to an artifact repository (e.g., Nexus, Artifactory, Docker Registry) or deployment system.

5. Deploy — automatic or semi-automatic launch of the application in the required environment.

Example for a Java project with Maven and Docker:

mvn clean package          # build and package jar

docker build -t myapp:1.0 .  # create docker image

docker push myregistry/myapp:1.0  # publish image to Docker Registry

Important points:

• Automation through CI systems (Jenkins, GitLab CI, GitHub Actions)
• Versioning of artifacts
• Storage of artifacts in a centralized repository
• Ensuring repeatability and transparency of the build process

This approach allows for quick and reliable delivery of changes to the product.