How can authorization be implemented via SSH using public keys?

SSH key-based authentication allows connecting to a server without entering a password by using a pair of keys: a private key (stored on the client) and a public key (added to the server).

Main steps:

1. On the client, create a key pair using the command:

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "your_email@example.com"

2. Copy the public key to the server:

ssh-copy-id user@server_address

3. Ensure that your public key is in the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file on the server.

4. Check the permissions for the .ssh folder and the authorized_keys file (usually 700 for .ssh and 600 for authorized_keys).

5. Now, when connecting to the server via SSH, it will use the private key for authentication without a password:

ssh user@server_address

If everything is configured correctly, you will log in without a password prompt.

This is a more secure and convenient method of authentication compared to passwords.