What are the main parts that make up the Control Plane and Data Plane in a Kubernetes cluster architecture?

In the architecture of a Kubernetes cluster, two main parts are distinguished: Control Plane and Data Plane.

Control Plane is responsible for managing and orchestrating the cluster. Main components:

• kube-apiserver — the API server through which interaction with the cluster occurs.
• etcd — a distributed configuration and state storage for the cluster.
• kube-scheduler — the scheduler that assigns pods to nodes.
• kube-controller-manager — controllers that maintain the desired state (e.g., replication controller).

Data Plane consists of worker nodes where containers are run. Main components:

• kubelet — an agent that manages the running of containers on the node.
• kube-proxy — provides network interaction and load balancing.
• Containers and pods where applications are executed.

Thus, the Control Plane manages the state of the cluster, while the Data Plane runs applications and provides network interaction.