How is data transfer protection implemented using the SSL protocol?

Data protection during transmission using the SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) protocol is implemented through several key mechanisms:

• Encryption — data transmitted between the client and server is encrypted to prevent interception and reading by third parties.
• Server authentication — the client verifies the server's certificate to ensure that the connection is established with a trusted resource.
• Data integrity — checksums and hash functions are used to guarantee that data has not been altered during transmission.

The process begins with the TLS/SSL handshake, where the parties agree on encryption parameters and exchange keys. After that, all traffic is transmitted in encrypted form.

Example: during an HTTPS connection, the browser verifies the site's certificate, establishes a secure channel, and only then transmits data.