What information and parameters can be transmitted in an HTTP request?

The main types of information and parameters that can be transmitted in an HTTP request are:

• URL parameters (Query parameters) — data sent in the query string after the ? symbol, for example: ?id=123&sort=asc.
• Headers — metadata of the request, such as Content-Type, Authorization, User-Agent.
• Request body (Body) — data sent in the body of the request, usually in POST, PUT, PATCH requests. It can contain JSON, XML, form-data, and other formats.
• Cookies — small pieces of data sent by the client to the server for session identification and other purposes.
• Request method (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.) — defines the action the client wants to perform.

For example, in a POST request with a JSON body and an authorization header:

POST /api/users HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
Authorization: Bearer token123
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "name": "Ivan",
  "age": 30
}

Thus, an HTTP request can contain various types of information necessary for client-server interaction.