What are the advantages and disadvantages of static typing in programming languages?

Static typing means that the types of variables and expressions are determined at compile time.

Advantages:

• Early detection of type errors, reducing the number of bugs at runtime.
• Improved performance, as the compiler can optimize code knowing the types in advance.
• Autocompletion and refactoring in IDEs work more accurately thanks to type information.

Disadvantages:

• Less flexibility, as types need to be declared in advance, which can slow down development.
• Sometimes more code is needed to describe types (especially in complex structures).
• Difficulties may arise with dynamic scenarios where types change during execution.