How is memory management and release carried out in the system?

Memory management in C# is handled automatically by the garbage collector (GC). When objects are created on the managed heap, the garbage collector tracks references to these objects. If an object becomes unreachable (no more references to it), the GC frees the memory occupied by it.

Key points:

• Developers do not need to explicitly free memory as in C++.
• For unmanaged resources (files, connections, handles), the IDisposable pattern and the Dispose() method are used, which can be called manually or via the using statement.
• The garbage collector runs in the background, periodically cleaning up unused objects.

Example of using IDisposable:

using (var stream = new FileStream("file.txt", FileMode.Open))
{
    // Working with the file
} // stream.Dispose() is called automatically here