How is string comparison performed in a program?

In C#, strings are compared using methods of the String class. The main ways:

• string.Equals(str1, str2) — compares strings considering case.
• string.Equals(str1, str2, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) — case-insensitive comparison.
• The == operator — compares the contents of strings, not references.

Example:

string a = "hello";
string b = "Hello";

bool result1 = a == b; // false
bool result2 = string.Equals(a, b, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase); // true

It is important to consider culture and case when comparing, for which there are different StringComparison options.