How do your application and databases interact through ORM, and how is data model management carried out?

ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) is a technology that allows interaction with a database through objects and classes in an application, hiding the details of SQL queries.

In C#, ORM, such as Entity Framework, works as follows:

• Each database table is mapped to a class (data model).
• Table columns are mapped to class properties.
• ORM automatically generates SQL queries for CRUD operations (create, read, update, delete) based on changes in objects.

Data model management is done through a data context (e.g., DbContext), which tracks the state of objects:

• Added objects are marked as new records for insertion.
• Modified objects are marked for update.
• Deleted objects are marked for deletion.

Example:

public class Product
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public decimal Price { get; set; }
}

using(var context = new AppDbContext())
{
    var product = new Product { Name = "Book", Price = 9.99m };
    context.Products.Add(product); // Add a new model
    context.SaveChanges(); // Save changes to the database
}

Thus, ORM simplifies working with the database by allowing you to work with objects instead of raw SQL queries.