Can you name the main design patterns in programming and architecture?

Behavioral patterns in programming and architecture help organize interactions between objects and manage execution flows. The most well-known include:

• Observer — allows objects to subscribe to events of another object and receive notifications about changes.
• Strategy — defines a family of algorithms, encapsulates each one, and makes them interchangeable.
• Command — encapsulates a request as an object, allowing parameterization of clients with different requests.
• Iterator — provides a way to access elements of a collection sequentially without exposing its internal representation.
• State — allows an object to change its behavior when its internal state changes.

Example of the Strategy pattern in C#:

interface IStrategy {
    void Execute();
}

class ConcreteStrategyA : IStrategy {
    public void Execute() {
        Console.WriteLine("Executing Strategy A");
    }
}

class Context {
    private IStrategy _strategy;
    public Context(IStrategy strategy) {
        _strategy = strategy;
    }
    public void SetStrategy(IStrategy strategy) {
        _strategy = strategy;
    }
    public void ExecuteStrategy() {
        _strategy.Execute();
    }
}

// Usage
var context = new Context(new ConcreteStrategyA());
context.ExecuteStrategy();