In what places and ways is JWT token storage implemented in applications?

Storing JWT (JSON Web Token) in applications is implemented in various places and ways, depending on the type of application and security requirements:

• Web applications (SPA):

  • In localStorage — convenient but vulnerable to XSS attacks.
  • In sessionStorage — the token is stored only within the browser session.
  • In HttpOnly cookies — more secure, as JavaScript does not have access to cookies, reducing XSS risk.

• Mobile applications:

  • In secure storage, such as Keychain on iOS or Keystore on Android.

• Desktop applications:

  • In encrypted files or secure OS storage.

The choice of storage method depends on the balance between ease of access and security. For example, storing in HttpOnly cookies protects against XSS but requires protection from CSRF.