How does an object context track and record changes in an object for further processing?

Object context (for example, in ORM, like Entity Framework in C#) tracks changes in objects using a change tracking mechanism. When an object is loaded into the context, it saves its original state.

When properties of the object are modified, the context records these changes by comparing the current state with the original. This allows, when calling the save method (e.g., SaveChanges), to determine which fields have been changed and to generate the appropriate SQL queries to update the database.

An example of a simplified mechanism:

var entity = context.Entities.Find(id); // load the object
entity.Name = "New Name"; // change a property
context.SaveChanges(); // the context records the change and updates the database

The context can use proxy objects or dynamic change tracking through events or state comparison.