What data type is used to store numerical values in programming?

In C#, various data types are used to store numeric values, depending on the size and type of the number:

• Integer types:

  • int (32-bit integer type)
  • long (64-bit integer type)
  • short (16-bit integer type)
  • byte (8-bit unsigned integer type)

• Floating-point types:

  • float (32-bit floating-point type)
  • double (64-bit floating-point type)
  • decimal (128-bit high-precision type, often used for financial calculations)

Example of variable declarations:

int age = 30;
double temperature = 36.6;
decimal price = 19.99m;

The choice of type depends on the requirements for value range and precision.