Explain what XML is and how it is used for storing and exchanging data?

XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a text format for storing and exchanging structured data. It uses tags similar to HTML but allows creating custom tags, making it flexible for describing various types of data.

XML is widely used for:

• Storing configurations and application settings.
• Data exchange between systems, especially when platform and language independence are required.
• Representing complex data structures such as documents, catalogs, messages.

Example of a simple XML document:

<person>
  <name>Ivan Ivanov</name>
  <age>30</age>
  <email>ivan@example.com</email>
</person>

In C#, classes from the System.Xml namespace, such as XmlDocument or XDocument, are often used to work with XML, allowing reading, creating, and modifying XML files.