How do the throw operator and creating a new exception with throw new Exception differ?

In C#, the throw operator is used to throw an exception. The difference between throw and throw new Exception() is:

• throw new Exception() creates a new exception object and throws it immediately. For example:

throw new Exception("Error");

• throw; without creating a new object is used inside a catch block to rethrow the caught exception while preserving the call stack. For example:

try {
    // code
} catch(Exception ex) {
    // logging
    throw; // rethrow the same exception
}

Thus, throw new Exception() creates and throws a new exception, while throw; rethrows the current exception without changing the call stack.