How is storage and search of elements in a Dictionary data structure implemented?

The Dictionary data structure in C# stores elements as key-value pairs and provides fast access to values by key.

Storage and search are implemented based on a hash table. When adding an element, the key is hashed, and the hash code is used to determine the position in the internal array. If a collision occurs (different keys have the same hash), a collision resolution method such as chaining is used.

Searching for an element by key occurs in amortized constant time O(1):

var dict = new Dictionary<string, int>();
dict.Add("apple", 5);
int value = dict["apple"]; // Fast access by key

Thus, Dictionary provides efficient storage and quick search of elements by key.