Function Behavior Analysis

It is necessary to find out what the function f does and what it can be used for.

#include <iostream>

int f(int x) {
    int count = 0;
    while (x) {
        count++;
        x = x & (x - 1);
    }
    return count;
}

int main() {
    std::cout << f(11) << std::endl;
}