What is the difference between architectural patterns MVVM and MVP?

MVVM:

• View contains UI elements and displays data from ViewModel. It is bound to the ViewModel through data bindings.
• ViewModel contains presentation logic, prepares data for the View, and responds to user actions by delegating business logic to the model. It does not contain references to the View.
• Model represents business logic and data.

MVP:

• View contains UI elements and minimal logic (showing/hiding elements). It delegates all user actions to the Presenter.
• Presenter contains presentation logic, responds to View actions, updates the View, and interacts with the Model. It has references to the View.
• Model represents business logic and data.

Main differences:

• View-ViewModel/Presenter connection: In MVVM, the View is passive and binds to the ViewModel via bindings. In MVP, the View is active and interacts directly with the Presenter.
• Testability: The ViewModel in MVVM is easier to test independently of the View. The Presenter in MVP is also well testable.
• Code: MVVM uses more declarative programming and bindings. MVP involves more imperative interactions.
• Dependencies: In MVVM, the ViewModel does not depend on a specific View implementation. In MVP, the Presenter often has direct access to the View interface.