What are the features of the garbage collector in the Dart language?

Garbage collector in Dart is based on the Generational Garbage Collection algorithm.

Features:

• Generational: Objects are divided into "young" (new space) and "old" (old space). Most objects do not live long, so collection of "young" objects occurs more frequently and quickly.
• Two-Finger Algorithm: Used for collecting "young" objects. Two pointers traverse the live object graph, moving live objects to the "old" generation.
• Mark-Sweep: Used for collecting "old" objects. Live objects are first marked, then all unmarked objects are removed.
• Stop-the-World: Garbage collection pauses the program execution. However, the Generational approach minimizes the duration of these pauses by frequent and quick collection of the "young" generation.
• Compacting (old space generation): After the Mark-Sweep phase, the collector can compact the "old" generation, reducing memory fragmentation.
• No destructors: Dart does not have destructors in the traditional sense. Resource release occurs automatically by the garbage collector.

The main advantage of Generational GC in Dart is high performance due to optimization for the case when most allocated objects become inaccessible quickly.