What is the difference between mutable and immutable data types in Python?

Difference in the ability to change the state of an object after its creation.

Mutable:

• The internal state of the object can be changed after its creation.
• When the object is changed, its id remains the same.
• Used to represent data that can change during the program's execution.

// Example of a mutable type: list
my_list = [1, 2, 3]
print(id(my_list)) // Outputs the id of the list object
my_list.append(4)
print(my_list)   // Outputs [1, 2, 3, 4]
print(id(my_list)) // Outputs the same id

Immutable:

• The internal state of the object cannot be changed after its creation.
• When "changing" the object, a new object is created, and its id changes.
• Used to represent data that should not change.

// Example of an immutable type: tuple
my_tuple = (1, 2, 3)
print(id(my_tuple)) // Outputs the id of the tuple object
// my_tuple.append(4) // Will raise TypeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'append'
my_tuple = my_tuple + (4,) // Creates a new tuple
print(my_tuple)   // Outputs (1, 2, 3, 4)
print(id(my_tuple)) // Outputs the new id

Main data types by mutability:

Data Type	Mutability
list	Mutable
dict	Mutable
set	Mutable
bytearray	Mutable
int	Immutable
float	Immutable
str	Immutable
tuple	Immutable
frozenset	Immutable
bytes	Immutable
bool	Immutable