Compare the Iterator and ListIterator interfaces. What are their main differences and when is it better to use each?

Iterator allows traversing the elements of a collection in one direction (forward), checking for the next element (hasNext()), and retrieving it (next()). It can remove the current element (remove()). It is used for general iteration over any collections that implement the Iterable interface.

ListIterator inherits from Iterator and adds functionality:

• Moving in both directions (hasPrevious(), previous()).
• Getting the index of the current (nextIndex()) and previous (previousIndex()) elements.
• Modifying an element (set()).
• Adding an element (add()).

ListIterator is applicable only to collections that implement the List interface because it works with indices.

Use Iterator for universal traversal and removal of elements in any Iterable collections. Use ListIterator for specialized operations with List (bidirectional movement, modification, index-based addition).