Как хранится информация о коммитах в системе Git?

In Git, information about commits is stored as objects in the Git database (repositories). Each commit is an object that contains:

• A reference to the parent commit (or multiple, if it's a merge)
• A snapshot of the filesystem state (object tree)
• Metadata: author, date, commit message

Commits are linked together through parent references, forming the project's history. All objects (commits, trees, blobs) are stored in the .git/objects directory in compressed form based on their SHA-1 hash.