Mis on tavaline int ja millised on selle rakendamise nüansid?

int in Go is a signed integer type whose size depends on the processor architecture. On 32-bit systems, it is 32 bits, and on 64-bit systems, it is 64 bits.

Implementation details:

• Architecture dependence: The main feature is that the size of int is not fixed and is determined by the architecture on which the program is compiled and run. This can cause issues during implicit type conversions or data serialization/deserialization between systems with different word sizes.
• Value range: The range of int values also depends on its size. For 32 bits, it is approximately from -2 billion to +2 billion, and for 64 bits, it is much larger. Incorrect range prediction can lead to overflow.
• Performance: Using int is generally optimal in terms of performance, as it matches the native machine word. However, int64 on a 32-bit system may require additional instructions.
• Explicit conversion: Go does not allow implicit conversions between int and other integer types (e.g., int32, int64), which prevents potential errors related to loss of precision or overflow. Explicit conversions are required.

Example of explicit conversion:

// Convert `int` to `int64`
var a int = 10
var b int64 = int64(a)