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The main patterns of microservice architecture include:

• API Gateway — a single entry point for all clients, routing requests to the necessary microservices.
• Service Discovery — mechanism for automatic detection of microservice addresses.
• Circuit Breaker — protection against cascading failures, interrupting calls to non-functioning services.
• Event-Driven Architecture — exchange of events between services for asynchronous communication.
• Database per Service — each microservice has its own database for data independence.

Example: API Gateway receives a request, determines the required service, checks its availability via the Circuit Breaker, and forwards the request, ensuring fault tolerance and scalability.