Millal ja kuidas võivad niidid pöörduda globaalse järjekorra poole, et saada ülesandeid ja käivitada goroutine?

In Go, the runtime uses an M:N model, where M are system threads and N are goroutines. Goroutines are not directly tied to specific threads but are executed on a thread pool.

The global task queue is a queue of goroutines ready to run but not yet assigned to a specific thread. When a thread becomes free, it checks this global queue to get the next goroutine to start.

This happens approximately as follows:

• When a goroutine is created (via go), it is placed in the global queue.
• A free thread takes a goroutine from the global queue and begins executing it.
• If the thread does not find tasks in its local queue, it checks the global queue.

This way, threads dynamically receive tasks from the global queue and start the corresponding goroutines, ensuring load balancing and efficient use of system resources.

Simplified example:

// Creating several goroutines
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
    go func(n int) {
        fmt.Println("Goroutine", n)
    }(i)
}

The runtime places these goroutines in the global queue, and system threads pick them up for execution.