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In the context of CI/CD, a job is a sequence of steps or tasks executed on one or multiple agents (runners) to achieve a specific goal within the pipeline. Jobs can be run in parallel or sequentially, depending on the pipeline configuration.

Examples of tasks within a job:

  • Code compilation
  • Running tests (unit, integration, E2E)
  • Collecting artifacts (Docker images, packages)
  • Deployment to an environment

Example of a job definition in GitLab CI:

# Example of a job for building an application
build_job:
  stage: build # Stage of the pipeline to which the job belongs
  image: docker:latest # Image used to execute the job
  script: # List of commands executed in the job
    - docker login -u $CI_REGISTRY_USER -p $CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD $CI_REGISTRY
    - docker build -t $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE .
    - docker push $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE
  tags: # Optional: tags that determine on which runners the job will be executed
    - docker-builder