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When a dialog window appears in Android, the activity lifecycle is affected as follows:

• The dialog window is usually created over the current activity, without destroying or stopping it completely.
• The activity displaying the dialog usually remains in the Resumed state (active and in the foreground), as the dialog does not fully close the screen.

However, if the dialog is implemented as a separate activity with a dialog theme, then upon its appearance:

• The main activity transitions to the Paused state (onPause is called), as another activity appears over it.
• The dialog activity goes through onCreate, onStart, onResume.

If the dialog is just a Dialog or DialogFragment, then the main activity's lifecycle does not change, and onPause/onResume methods are not called.

Summary:

• When a standard dialog (Dialog, DialogFragment) appears, the activity lifecycle does not change — onPause/onResume are not called.
• When a dialog activity appears, the main activity receives onPause, and the dialog activity goes through onCreate, onStart, onResume.

This is important for managing the application's state and resources.