How to properly assign roles in Git?

The placement of roles in Git is not an inherent concept. It likely refers to the access control and permissions management strategy for users working with the repository. This is achieved through specialized platforms for hosting Git repositories, such as GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket, as well as through server-side Git configuration.

Main approaches:

1. Access management via groups/teams: Users are grouped into teams or groups, which are assigned specific access levels to repositories.
2. Granular repository-level access: Setting permissions (read, write, admin) for individual users or groups to specific repositories.
3. Branch protection rules: Setting rules for branches that require certain conditions to be met before merging changes.

Examples of access levels (may vary slightly across platforms):

• None/No Access: No access to the repository.
• Read: Ability to clone and view the repository.
• Triage: Ability to manage pull requests and issues, but without the ability to make direct changes.
• Write: Ability to push changes directly to the repository and manage branches (except protected ones).
• Maintain: A higher level of access, including managing repository settings.
• Admin: Full administrative access to the repository.

Example of branch protection settings (pseudo-code):

// Example of branch protection rule for 'main'
{
    "branch_name": "main",
    "requires_approving_reviews": true, // Require approval before merging
    "required_approving_review_count": 2, // Number of approvals needed
    "dismiss_stale_reviews": true, // Dismiss outdated reviews upon branch update
    "requires_status_checks": true, // Require successful CI checks
    "required_status_check_contexts": [ // List of required checks
        "ci/build",
        "ci/test"
    ],
    "restrict_pushes": false, // Do not restrict direct pushes for certain users/groups
    "restrict_access": true, // Restrict branch access to certain users/groups
    "allowed_users": ["user1", "user2"],
    "allowed_teams": ["dev-team"]
}

Example of setting user permissions via teams in GitLab:

Team	Access level in project
backend Team	Maintainer
frontend Team	Developer
QA Engineers	Reporter
DevOps Team	Owner

Proper placement of "roles" in Git is directly related to configuring these security and access management mechanisms on the chosen Git platform, in accordance with security policies and the team structure.