How can you verify that there are no exceptions when working with the double type?

You can use std::isfinite, std::isinf, and std::isnan from <cmath>.

#include <cmath>    // For isfinite, isinf, isnan
#include <limits>   // For numeric_limits
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    double normal_value = 123.45;
    double inf_value = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
    double nan_value = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();

    // Check for finite number
    if (std::isfinite(normal_value)) {
        std::cout << "normal_value is a finite number\n";
    }

    // Check for infinity
    if (std::isinf(inf_value)) {
        std::cout << "inf_value is infinity\n";
    }

    // Check for NaN
    if (std::isnan(nan_value)) {
        std::cout << "nan_value is NaN\n";
    }

    return 0;
}

std::isfinite(x) returns true if x is neither infinity (+/-inf) nor NaN. std::isinf(x) returns true if x is infinity (+/-inf). std::isnan(x) returns true if x is Not-a-Number (NaN).

These functions allow detecting special floating-point values, which can result from incorrect operations (e.g., division by zero or sqrt(-1)) and are handled according to the IEEE 754 standard, not by exceptions in the usual sense.