Kuidas on üles ehitatud Go (GMP) planeerija mudel ja kuidas see tagab gorutinide tõhusa jaotamise?

The Go scheduler model — GMP (Goroutine, Machine, Processor) — is a system that manages the execution of goroutines for efficient utilization of system resources.

Components:

• G (Goroutine) — a lightweight thread of execution created by the developer.
• M (Machine) — an OS thread that executes goroutines.
• P (Processor) — a logical processor that connects goroutines with OS threads.

How distribution works:

• The number of P is limited (usually equal to the number of available CPUs).
• Each P has a queue of goroutines ready to run.
• M attaches to a P and executes goroutines from its queue.
• If a goroutine blocks (e.g., during a system call), M is released and can serve another P to avoid idling.
• The scheduler balances the load among P's by moving goroutines for optimal thread utilization.

This way, GMP provides scalability and high performance, allowing thousands of goroutines to run efficiently on a limited number of OS threads.