Qaysi ma'lumot uzatish usullarini bilasiz?

• Initsializatsiya vaqtida (initsializator injektsiyasi).
• Initsializatsiyadan keyin tayinlash.

class ViewController: UIViewController {  
    var data: String? // Ma'lumotlarni o'tkazish uchun xususiyat  
}  

• Hodisalar haqida bildirish va ma'lumotlarni uzatish uchun metodlar bilan protokol.

protocol DataDelegate: AnyObject {  
    func didReceiveData(data: String)  
}  

class SenderViewController: UIViewController {  
    weak var delegate: DataDelegate?  

    func sendData() {  
        delegate?.didReceiveData(data: "Senderdan kelgan xabar")  
    }  
}  

class ReceiverViewController: UIViewController, DataDelegate {  
    func didReceiveData(data: String) {  
        print("Qabul qilingan ma'lumot: \(data)")  
    }  
}  

• Boshqa joyda chaqiriladigan funktsiya uzatish.

class SenderViewController: UIViewController {  
    var completionHandler: ((String) -> Void)?  

    func sendData() {  
        completionHandler?("Yopish orqali ma'lumot")  
    }  
}  

• E'lon qilish va obuna bo'lish mexanizmi keng tarqaladigan bildirishnomalar uchun.

// Sender  
NotificationCenter.default.post(name: NSNotification.Name("DataNotification"), object: nil, userInfo: ["data": "Bildirishnomadan ma'lumot"])  

// Receiver  
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(didReceiveNotification(_:)), name: NSNotification.Name("DataNotification"), object: nil)  

@objc func didReceiveNotification(_ notification: Notification) {  
    if let data = notification.userInfo?["data"] as? String {  
        print("Qabul qilingan bildirishnoma ma'lumotlari: \(data)")  
    }  
}  

• Faqat bitta sinf nusxasi, global ravishda mavjud.

class DataManager {  
    static let shared = DataManager()  
    var sharedData: String?  
    private init() {} // Boshqa nusxalarni yaratishni taqiqlash  
}  

// Foydalanish  
DataManager.shared.sharedData = "Singletondan ma'lumot"  
print(DataManager.shared.sharedData)  

• Ob'ektlarning xususiyatlaridagi o'zgarishlarni kuzatish mexanizmi.

class MyObservableObject: NSObject {  
    @objc dynamic var value: String = "" // Xususiyat `@objc dynamic` bo'lishi kerak  
}  

class Observer: NSObject {  
    var observation: NSKeyValueObservation?  

    func startObserving(object: MyObservableObject) {  
        observation = object.observe(\.value, options: [.new]) { observedObject, change in  
            if let newValue = change.newValue {  
                print("Qiymat o'zgardi: \(newValue)")  
            }  
        }  
    }  
}  

• Doimiy saqlash va kontrollchilar va ekranlar o'rtasida ma'lumot almashish uchun.

• Boshqa ob'ektlar o'rtasidagi o'zaro ta'sirni boshqaradigan ob'ekt.

• Ma'lumotlarni oqimlar (streams) yoki nashriychilar (publishers) orqali uzatish.

// Combine bilan misol  
import Combine  

let publisher = PassthroughSubject<String, Never>()  

// Obuna  
let subscriber = publisher.sink { receivedValue in  
    print("Receive qilingan qiymat: \(receivedValue)")  
}  

// Yuboruvchi  
publisher.send("Combine'dan ma'lumot")  

• Kichik va oddiy ma'lumotlarni saqlash uchun, global ravishda mavjud.

UserDefaults.standard.set("Foydalanuvchi nomi", forKey: "userName")  
let userName = UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: "userName")  

• SwiftUI'da ko'rinishlar hierarhiyasiga bog'liqliklarni uzatish uchun.

import SwiftUI  

class AppData: ObservableObject {  
    @Published var message: String = "Boshlang'ich xabar"  
}  

struct ContentView: View {  
    @EnvironmentObject var appData: AppData  

    var body: some View {  
        Text(appData.message)  
    }  
}