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An atomic data type is a data type whose operations are performed as indivisible, meaning they either complete entirely or not at all, without intermediate states.

In Java, this is important for ensuring thread safety when working with multithreading. For example, operations on primitive data types like int or long can be atomic if performed using special classes from the java.util.concurrent.atomic package.

Example of using an atomic type:

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger(0);
counter.incrementAndGet(); // atomic increment of the value

Here, incrementAndGet() guarantees that the increment operation on the counter will be performed atomically, avoiding race conditions.