Kuidas määratleda kahe objekti võrdus nende viidete võrdluse kontekstis?

Equality of two objects by references means that both variables point to the same instance in memory. In Swift, to compare references, the identity operator === is used.

Example:

class Person {
    var name: String
    init(name: String) {
        self.name = name
    }
}

let personA = Person(name: "Alice")
let personB = personA
let personC = Person(name: "Alice")

print(personA === personB) // true, both references to the same object
print(personA === personC) // false, different objects

Therefore, to check if two variables point to the same object, use ===, not ==, which usually checks for content equality.