Kas saaksite selgitada, millised lukustamise tüübid on olemas ja kuidas need töötavad mitme lõimega programmeerimisel?

Multithread programming involves different types of locks that help synchronize access to shared resources:

• Mutex (Mutual Exclusion) — ensures exclusive access to a resource. Only one thread can acquire the mutex at a time.
• Recursive mutex — allows the same thread to acquire the lock multiple times without mutual blocking.
• Read-Write Lock — allows multiple threads to read the resource simultaneously, but writing is only possible exclusively.
• Semaphore — limits the number of threads that can access the resource at the same time.
• Spinlock (active waiting) — the thread checks in a loop whether the lock is available, without entering a waiting state.

Example of using a mutex in Swift:

let lock = NSLock()

func criticalSection() {
    lock.lock()
    // Critical section
    lock.unlock()
}

The choice of lock type depends on the task and performance and security requirements.