Kuidas jälgib ja haldab automaatne mälu haldussüsteem ARC viiteid objektidele?

ARC (Automatic Reference Counting) is a memory management system in iOS that automatically tracks the number of references to objects.

Working principle:

• Each object has a reference count.
• When a new strong reference is created to an object, the count increases.
• When a reference is removed or becomes nil, the count decreases.
• If the count reaches zero, the object is automatically released from memory.

ARC analyzes the code during compilation and inserts retain/release calls to manage the lifecycle of objects without manual memory management.

It is important to avoid cyclic references (retain cycles), where two objects reference each other with strong references, preventing memory from being freed. For this, weak or unowned references are used.