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Basic principles of dividing software into modules:

  • Single Responsibility Principle — each module should be responsible for one specific task.
  • Low Coupling — modules should be as independent as possible from each other.
  • High Cohesion — components within a module should be closely related in meaning.
  • Encapsulation — hide the internal details of the module's implementation from other parts of the system.
  • Reusability — modules should be designed so that they can be reused in different places.

For example, in an iOS application, modules for network operations, UI, and business logic can be distinguished, so that changes in one module have minimal impact on others.