Mis vahe on mock-objektide ja stubide vahel testimise kontekstis?

In the testing context, mock objects (mocks) and stubs serve as replacements for real components, but have different purposes:

• Stub — is a simple object that returns predefined data, allowing the test to operate with predictable behavior. It does not verify how exactly it is called, only provides the necessary responses.

• Mock — is an object that not only imitates behavior but also verifies that methods are called with expected parameters and in the correct order. Mocks are used to verify interactions.

Example:

• A stub can return a fake response from a network request.
• A mock will verify that the request method was called exactly once with a specific URL.

In iOS, frameworks like OCMock or Cuckoo are often used to create mocks and stubs.