Kuidas töötab GOMAXPROCS ja milleks on P (protsessor) GMP-mudelil?

In Go, the environment variable or the runtime.GOMAXPROCS parameter sets the maximum number of operating system threads (OS threads) that can execute goroutines simultaneously.

In the GMP model:

• G — goroutine (lightweight execution thread)
• M — OS thread (machine thread)
• P — processor (virtual processor)

P is a resource required for executing G on M. The number of P limits the number of goroutines that can run concurrently. G cannot run without P, and M can only run G if it has P.

GOMAXPROCS sets the number of P, i.e., how many goroutines can be executed in parallel at the OS level. Increasing GOMAXPROCS allows better utilization of multi-core processors, but a value too high may lead to excessive competition for resources.