Kus ja kuidas toimub tavaliselt jaotamine mälus programmi täitmise ajal?

In Go, a slice is a data structure that contains three fields: a pointer to an array in memory, the length (len), and the capacity (cap). During program execution, the slice is stored on the stack (if it is local), and the array it points to is placed on the heap or in static memory, depending on the situation.

When a slice is created, for example s := make([]int, 5, 10), an array of 10 elements is allocated on the heap, and the slice contains a pointer to the beginning of this array, a length of 5, and a capacity of 10. When passing a slice to a function, only the slice structure (3 fields) is copied, not the entire array, which is memory-efficient.

Example:

s := []int{1, 2, 3}
// s - structure with a pointer to the array [1,2,3], len=3, cap=3

func appendValue(slice []int, val int) []int {
    return append(slice, val)
}

s = appendValue(s, 4)

Here, append can allocate a new array if the capacity is insufficient, and return a new slice with a pointer to this array.