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The main classifications of design patterns include:

  1. By purpose:

    • Creational: Describe ways of creating objects, increasing flexibility and reusability.
    • Structural: Describe ways of combining classes and objects into larger structures.
    • Behavioral: Describe algorithms and distribution of responsibilities among objects.
  2. By application area:

    • Class patterns: Describe static relationships between classes, fixed at compile time. Use inheritance to create abstract relationships.
    • Object patterns: Describe dynamic relationships between objects, which can change during execution. Use composition to create links.

For example, the Factory Method pattern is a creational pattern and belongs to class patterns, while the Strategy pattern is a behavioral pattern and belongs to object patterns.