Kuidas Dartis on rakendatud paralleelsuse ja asünkroonsuse tugi?

In Dart, support for parallelism and asynchrony is implemented through several key mechanisms:

• Future — an object representing the result of an asynchronous operation, which will be available in the future. It allows writing asynchronous code using async/await.

• async/await — syntactic sugar for working with Future, enabling writing asynchronous code that looks like synchronous code.

• Stream — a sequence of asynchronous events or data that can be listened to and processed as they arrive.

• Isolates — separate execution threads with their own memory, allowing parallel computations without shared state.

Example of using Future and async/await:

Future<String> fetchData() async {
  await Future.delayed(Duration(seconds: 2));
  return 'Data loaded';
}

void main() async {
  print('Starting load');
  String data = await fetchData();
  print(data);
}

For parallelism using Isolates, separate isolates are created that exchange messages, which allows efficient utilization of multi-core processors without thread safety issues.