Millised kaasaegsed tööriistad või tehnoloogiad on asendanud iptables Linuxi võrguturbe haldamisel?

Modern tools that replace iptables for network security management in Linux are:

• nftables — the official replacement for iptables, more modern and efficient, with improved syntax and performance. Allows managing packet filtering, NAT, and other functions.

• firewalld — a daemon that uses nftables or iptables in the background, but provides a user-friendly interface for dynamic rule management via zones and services.

• Cilium — a solution for network security and observability in Kubernetes, using eBPF for high-performance traffic filtering and control.

• Calico — a network plugin for Kubernetes with security policy capabilities, which can also operate based on iptables or eBPF.

Therefore, nftables is the direct successor to iptables, and firewalld and eBPF-based solutions (Cilium) offer more modern and flexible approaches to network security management in Linux.