Kuidas on andmestruktuur List mälus rakendatud ja millised mehhanismid selle töös põhinevad?

In C#, the data structure List<T> is implemented as a dynamic array. In memory, it stores elements in a contiguous block, which provides fast access by index.

Main mechanisms of operation:

• Dynamic expansion: when the number of elements exceeds the current capacity of the array, a new larger array (usually double the size) is created, and all elements are copied into it.
• Fast access by index: thanks to contiguous storage of elements, access to an element by index occurs in constant time O(1).
• Adding elements: if there is space, the element is simply added to the end; if not, the array is expanded.

Example:

List<int> numbers = new List<int>();
numbers.Add(1);
numbers.Add(2);
int first = numbers[0]; // Fast access

Thus, List<T> combines the convenience of dynamic sizing with the efficiency of an array.